{"id":3471,"date":"2026-01-23T14:48:43","date_gmt":"2026-01-23T14:48:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ottclimatefund.ca\/news-post\/analysis-how-ottawa-can-deliver-new-homes-and-cut-carbon-pollution-with-secondary-suites\/"},"modified":"2026-01-23T14:48:43","modified_gmt":"2026-01-23T14:48:43","slug":"analysis-how-ottawa-can-deliver-new-homes-and-cut-carbon-pollution-with-secondary-suites","status":"publish","type":"news-post","link":"https:\/\/ottclimatefund.ca\/fr\/nouvelles\/analysis-how-ottawa-can-deliver-new-homes-and-cut-carbon-pollution-with-secondary-suites\/","title":{"rendered":"Analysis &#8211; How Ottawa can Cut Carbon Emissions and Deliver Housing with Fill it First"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"3471\" class=\"elementor elementor-3471 elementor-2833\" data-elementor-post-type=\"news-post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1186cdba e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"1186cdba\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f6fc85f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f6fc85f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><strong>Ottawa\u2019s Growth Challenge<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>Ottawa has pledged to build 151,000 new homes by 2031. How and where these homes are built will determine whether growth makes life more affordable and climate-friendly \u2014 or locks in higher costs, congestion, and climate emissions. The City of Ottawa faces a choice: continue the traditional pattern of greenfield development through outward expansion, or \u201cfill it first\u201d by adding gentle density within existing residential neighbourhoods closer to jobs, schools, transit and other amenities.<\/p>\n<h5><strong>The Housing Case for \u201cFilling it First\u201d<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>Ottawa has a significant opportunity to house many more people on in existing urban and suburban neighbourhoods, prioritizing infill development before expanding to new car-dependent subdivisions. <strong>Hence: \u201cFill it First\u201d.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The city\u2019s new zoning bylaws will make it easier to add secondary suites to a single-family home or back yard, convert single homes into multiplexes, or build small apartment buildings along major streets. In addition to providing alternatives to urban sprawl, these neighbourhood housing options can mitigate an over-reliance on large-scale apartment and condominium projects that typically offer smaller units that may not align with the needs and preferences of many households.<\/p>\n<h5><strong>The Climate Case for \u201cFilling it First\u201d<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>Not only does gentle density infill provide a diversity of homes within residential urban and suburban neighbourhoods, but modelling commissioned by OCAF finds that this approach is the most effective pathway for Ottawa to reduce climate emissions from new housing growth. Adding secondary suites within existing neighbourhoods can cut greater amounts of carbon emissions than adding the same number of homes via urban sprawl or through larger, denser apartment buildings.<\/p>\n<h5><strong>The Analysis: Four Growth Pathways<\/strong><\/h5>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3001\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3001\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3001 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/ottclimatefund.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Operational-Emissions-Housing-6-1-1024x576.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ottclimatefund.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Operational-Emissions-Housing-6-1-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/ottclimatefund.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Operational-Emissions-Housing-6-1-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/ottclimatefund.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Operational-Emissions-Housing-6-1-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/ottclimatefund.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Operational-Emissions-Housing-6-1-1536x864.png 1536w, https:\/\/ottclimatefund.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Operational-Emissions-Housing-6-1.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3001\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 1: Emissions associated with four growth pathways<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The study compared four growth scenarios \u2014 each adding 15,000 new housing units in Ottawa, compared to the average trend of 5,500 new units per year:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Pathway 1: Single detached development <\/strong>primarily on the urban edge, in areas like Kanata-Stittsville, Barrhaven, Riverside South and Orleans\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>Reference case<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong> Pathway 2: Hub apartments <\/strong>defined as new apartment buildings in central and suburban hubs for employment or post-secondary education\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>35% GHG savings compared to reference case<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong> Pathway 3: Distributed suites <\/strong>a scenario in which secondary suite renovations are distributed equally across Ottawa neighbourhoods\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>41% GHG savings compared to reference case<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong> Pathway 4: Hub suites <\/strong>consisting of secondary suite renovations in single-family detached homes in central and suburban hubs for employment or post-secondary education\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>50% GHG savings compared to reference case<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><br><\/p><p>As Figure 1 illustrates, <em>Fill it First<\/em> strategies deliver significant carbon reduction potential, with secondary suites added to existing houses and yards offering the greatest opportunity for emissions reductions. Adding housing via multi-unit residential buildings in urban and suburban hubs offer comparable emission reductions associated with transportation as hub secondary suites. But emissions attributed to homes themselves\u2014both operational (energy use) and embodied carbon (materials to build)\u2014are lower for secondary suites.<\/p>\n<h5><strong>Transportation, Location and Carbon Savings<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>Buildings and transportation make up roughly 90% of Ottawa\u2019s emissions. The analysis examines the locations for new housing and draws a clear connection between how land use planning influences transportation, household transportation patterns and associated transportation emissions. Land use planning and the location of where we build housing influences the types and sizes of homes and associated emissions and embodied carbon from housing.<\/p>\n<p>Figure 1 illustrates that the largest emissions associated with new housing in Ottawa are attributable to land use planning and resulting tailpipe pollution from transportation. The most important planning determinant of household car ownership rates and driving distance \u2014 and thus transportation congestion and carbon \u2014 is location. According to sources cited in the study, proximity to an urban region\u2019s central business district has the biggest impact, followed by secondary job hubs and services, notably grocery stores. Daily commute and long travel distances from suburban or exurban, single-family homes can double or triple a household\u2019s carbon footprint (Figure 2).<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3114\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3114\" style=\"width: 624px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3114 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/ottclimatefund.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/figure-2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"295\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ottclimatefund.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/figure-2.png 624w, https:\/\/ottclimatefund.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/figure-2-300x142.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3114\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 2: Travel patterns in Ottawa associated with location and land use, 2016<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h5><strong>Examining operational emissions and embodied carbon<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>The modelling compared emissions across the four land use strategies in two different buckets: <em>embodied<\/em> emissions from building a home or manufacturing a vehicle, and <em>operational <\/em>emissions from driving a vehicle or heating and cooling a home. It found that single detached homes would produce almost twice as many operational emissions as secondary suites.<\/p>\n<p>The main factors determining those results included:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The square footage of a single-family home\u2014for the most part, larger homes mean higher carbon footprints;<\/li>\n<li>Shared walls in multi-unit buildings, large or small, that can reduce the energy use and carbon emissions from individual units;<\/li>\n<li>Small multi-family developments and compact home designs that can reduce construction emissions and embodied carbon for each home.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2838\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2838\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2838 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/ottclimatefund.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/figure-3-1024x765.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"598\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ottclimatefund.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/figure-3-1024x765.png 1024w, https:\/\/ottclimatefund.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/figure-3-300x224.png 300w, https:\/\/ottclimatefund.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/figure-3-768x574.png 768w, https:\/\/ottclimatefund.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/figure-3.png 1430w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2838\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 3 \u2013 Ottawa Dwelling Units by Type, 2021<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h5><strong>Housing Typology Emissions and Opportunity<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>The study also analyzed the carbon savings potential associated with housing typologies. Most of Ottawa\u2019s housing stock is single detached homes, which account for over 40% of dwellings. Yet only about 2% of these homes have secondary suites (See Figure 3).<\/p>\n<p>The modelling also found that half of Ottawa\u2019s detached homes are occupied by just one or two people, while the fastest-growing household type is singles living alone. This represents an enormous housing opportunity to add units to underutilized dwellings and the lots, via secondary suites and conversions to multiplexes.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8eeb9a1 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"8eeb9a1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/ottclimatefund.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Boston-Report-FiF-GHG-analysis.pdf\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Read the full report<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-be62553 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"be62553\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<hr \/><p>Modelling and analysis were conducted by Alex Boston, Boston Consulting, commissioned by OCAF, March 2025.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Fill it First strategies that house more people on existing residential lots can reduce climate emissions from new housing by up to 50 percent.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":2880,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"cybocfi_hide_featured_image":""},"featured-post-item":[26],"news-category":[],"class_list":["post-3471","news-post","type-news-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","featured-post-item-first-featured-post"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - 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